Researchers from the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) have developed a pioneering near-infrared fluorescent nanosensor capable of detecting and differentiating between two forms of iron, Fe(II) and Fe(III), in living plants. This breakthrough, announced on 28 February 2025, offers real-time, non-destructive monitoring of iron uptake and metabolism, marking a significant advancement in plant health monitoring and agricultural practices.
The nanosensor, developed by SMART’s Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision (DiSTAP) group, in collaboration with Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory and MIT, addresses the limitations of traditional methods that only measure total iron levels. By distinguishing between Fe(II) and Fe(III), the sensor provides insights into iron uptake efficiency, enabling precise fertilisation strategies that reduce waste and improve crop productivity.
Dr Duc Thinh Khong, a DiSTAP research scientist, highlighted the sensor’s potential impact: “This breakthrough sensor is the first of its kind to detect both Fe(II) and Fe(III) in living plants with real-time, high-resolution imaging. With this technology, we can ensure plants receive the right amount of iron, improving crop health and agricultural sustainability.”
The nanosensor’s high spatial resolution allows for precise localisation of iron within plant tissues, offering detailed observations of iron dynamics. Tested on spinach and bok choy, the sensor is species-agnostic, applicable across various crops without genetic modification. Beyond agriculture, it holds promise for environmental monitoring and health sciences, particularly in studying iron metabolism and related diseases.
Future research aims to expand the sensor’s capabilities to detect other micronutrients and integrate it into automated farming systems, further enhancing agricultural sustainability and efficiency.
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